Parenting The Right Way - 1220 Words

Kassidi Davies Professor Morrison ENG 1101 2 October 2015 Parenting the Right Way Every parent has a different preference on how they want to raise their children, some more strict then others but all attempting to get their children ready for the â€Å"real world† as some call it. There are three types of parenting, all very different; one being permissive, another being authoritative, and the last being authoritarian. Often parents are known to suggest ideas to other parents on how they should discipline, which more times than not is taken offensively. Many people argue which is the better way to raise a well-mannered successful child. The argument about how parenting should be done is very opinion based, being that all children are different and have to be treated accordingly. â€Å"Permissive parenting is sometimes known as indulgent parenting; it is a care free style of parenting† (Cherry). This type of parent asks very little of their kids and has very low expectations when it comes to learning self-discipline and gaining maturity. Most children wish they had parents like these because they are very lenient and have little to no consequences. However, this causes children to be spoiled, which is a high demanding child that expects their parents to do everything for them and buy whatever they want. Permissive style parents are more like a friend to their child rather than an authoritative parent. In some ways that is an exceptional thing because the children feel like they canShow MoreRelatedStrict And Well Rounded Parenting1137 Words   |  5 Pagestreat you the way they do? Many parents treat their kids differently. There really isn’t a correct way of parenting, it’s mostly based on the parent’s own opinion on how parenting should be handled. There are plenty of different parents out there such as strict parents, laid back parents, or even ones that just flat out don’t care what their child does or says. Strict and well-rounded parenting are some of the better options at your disposal. When kids grow up, they tend to mimic the way they were treatedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Tiger Moms Don t Raise Superior Kids 1057 Words   |  5 PagesIn Susan Adams’s article â€Å"Tiger Moms Don’t Raise Superior Kids, Says New Study†, Adams explains the disorganized matter of tiger parenting. She defines it as a very aggressive form of parenting leading to depressed children with unsociable characteristics. In the article Adams identifies one of the pieces defending the effects of tiger parenting. Amy Chua a Yale law school professor wrote the article â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior,† Chua explains that children need to grow up disciplined andRead MoreParenting Sty les And Their Influence On Children951 Words   |  4 Pagesconclusion that they will try their best and just hope that their children learn right from wrong and the abilities they need to succeed in life. However, what most parents do not always realize is that the style of parenting they are using may have a bigger impact on their child than they are aware of. For the sake of these parents and their sanity, as well as the children’s, I have classified these styles of parenting into categories. According to an article written by two psychologist from VanderbiltRead MoreBattle of the Parenting Styles Authoritarian V.S. Permissive Parenting797 Words   |  4 PagesParenting style refers to the way parents behave around their children. A parenting style is not determined by individual events, like a moment of conflict. Instead, it is defined by the overall demeanor that a parent has when he or she is engaging his or her children. There are two popular parenting styles that most people are aware of: Authoritarian and Permissive parenting. The authoritarian style is a restrictive style of parenting focusing on following rules and assuming that the child is incompetentRead MoreDifferent Types Of Parenting Styles880 Words   |  4 Pagesobserve our everyday life we will notice that we see many different types of parenting styles. Many parents create their own parenting style based on important factors like culture, education, and religion. Generally there are two main types of parenting style proposed. These two styles seem alike but are very much different from each other. Strict parent and the not so strict parent. The two approaches towards parenting differ from each other and this is why. There are some parents who are strictRead MoreInfancy and Early Childhood Development Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pageshears. The things that are recorded are stored for later use in life. The way that people behave with the infant as an individual and a family greatly impacts the development of the infant. It is for this reason that it is extremely important to raise children properly the first time around and to provide a safe and caring environment. After an infant is born the brain begins to go through developmental changes right away. The development that the brain goes through is caused by genes and theRead MoreThe Controversy of Gay Parenting Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesThe Controversy of Gay Parenting Gay parenting is an issue that affects a great number of people worldwide. Although the number is a minority, the issue still causes heated debate. People who are in favor of Gay, Lesbian, and Bi-Sexual parenting rights claim that as long as there is a commitment to parenthood then successful parenting is achievable as a homosexual or bi-sexual. Since within a gay couple there is no chance for accidental pregnancy, the couple must make a conscious decision to becomeRead More`` This Be The Verse `` By Phillip Larkin1444 Words   |  6 Pagesencountering all the critics when it comes to parenting. Whether it is the in-laws, your own parents, or your friends and family. Most people are under the impression that because they have managed to keep some human beings alive, they have this whole parenting concept on lock. Phillip Larkin’s poem â€Å"This Be The Verse,† challenges this perspective by hypothesizing that children’s poor behavior and psychological issues are all direct results of the way their parents raised them. Larkin blames his parentsRead MoreSusan Griffin s Are You My Mother? Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesis determined by the parenting aspect, the parent to child bond which varies greatly. Childhood is essential but determined by parenting which influences the child’s later life, everything ties back to each other. Parenting not only can generate but structure a future, a parent’s role in a child life affective, and a child is affected by the absence or presence of a parent. Emmy award winning playwright and poet, Susan Griffin believes that all life is influenced and parenting shadows a child’s futureRead MoreEssay about Parenting Styles745 Words   |  3 PagesParenting styles have been grouped into three different categories: authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. The authoritarian approach to parenting provides children with a clear set of rules which have to be followed without question or reason, while permissive parents constantly are giving into their child’s every wish. The authoritative parenting style gives children rules along with explanations for those rules, and reinforces good behavior. Therefore parents should make sure the

Historical Overview of Homosexuality - 2431 Words

Abstract Progression of Homosexuality: Evolution of a phenomenon over time Some authors believe that homosexuality is not a kind of conduct, as commonly supposed, but a psychological condition (Woggon, 1981). Thus, it is important to understand that the genuine homosexual condition or inversion, as it is often termed. This condition is something for which the subject is in no way responsible. Some literature suggests that homosexuality in itself it is morally neutral. Like the condition of heterosexuality, however, it tends to find expression in specific sexual acts; and such acts are subject to moral judgment (McNeill, 1966). A major premise established in contemporary literature is the concept that sexual orientation ranges†¦show more content†¦It is the way a portion of the population expresses human love and sexuality From the premises established in this section, a holistic illustration of world-views regarding homosexuality, can be detailed. World Views of Homosexuali ty Secular As discussed previously, the first half (and a little beyond) of the 20th century spawned varying views of homosexuality (constitutional, developmental and genetic were the main ones). However, the worldviews resulting from such were congruent in the main. This is primarily because of the fact that these theories were aiming to explain the occurrence of a class of aberration/disorder. Consequently, claims, such as homosexuality being classified as a serious psychiatric and social problem (Bieber, 1969), were commonplace in academic literature and reverberated in the wider society. The passage of time into the final quarter of the last century, realized a progressively softer position regarding homosexuality, by both from the academic and wider community. This softening can be observed as being simultaneous with stances adopted by the APA. After the organization’s actions in 1973 and 1975 concerning acceptance of homosexuality, the literature had been littered with expressions of the wide variability in the social acceptance of homosexual activity (Greenberg Bystryn, 1982). Christian The ELCA encourages its congregations toShow MoreRelatedHomosexuality And The Western Christian1336 Words   |  6 PagesA highly debated topic of today is whether or not homosexuality is acceptable according to the Bible. There are many different arguments in support of homosexuality, however one must carefully consider what the Bible says in order to judge the validity of these arguments. God clearly condemns homosexuality in His Word. First, we can see God’s condemnation of homosexuality in the Old Testament. Genesis 19:4-11 tells the story of when angels of the Lord visited Sodom to warn Lot of the coming judgmentRead MoreLgbt Views On Lgbt Rights Movement Essay1598 Words   |  7 Pagesculture, social climate) have greatly hindered the progression of the LGBT Rights Movement in Africa; the Motherland of Humanity. Throughout African history, many have attempted to justify the discrimination and brutality against LGBT individuals through false assumptions and accusations, research on mental illness, and claims of condemnation from a biblical standpoint (God Loves Uganda). African countries in present-day frequently claim that homosexuality was brought upon their nations via the importRead MoreGay, Straight, And The Reason About Sexual Orientation1236 Words   |  5 Pagessurely) began to accept openly gay members. Most importantly, a recent amendment to the Marriage Act of 1961 now defines marriage as a union of two people; an amendment which removed the prohibition of same-sex marriages. These landmarks in the progression of social awareness surrounding sexual orientation are derivative of scientific findings disputing the choice theory. As outlined in Simon LeVay s book, Gay, Straight, and the Reason Why, the result of someone s sexual orientation emergesRead MoreSummary Of The Myth Of Homosexuality By Christine Downing851 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"The Myth of Homosexuality† by Christine Downing, there is the discussion of homosexuality and its meaning over the years. Downing begins the article by stating how a myth has classified women-on-women and men-on-men relationships to fall under the same term of homosexuality, but there is much deeper understanding to it than that. The classification under one word has caused a lot of shaping concerning how they are viewed or how they view themselves. In order to look past the surface of what definesRead MoreDiscrimination Imposed Upon Minority Groups Throughout History1446 Words   |  6 Pageshomosexual relationships. In response, this essay seeks to discuss the extenuating circumstances resulting from the increased awareness in regards to the importance of marriage equality and how, although it s legalisation would be a significant progression towards acceptance and appreciation, we are far from overcoming the discriminatory practices which privilege heteronormativity. Ultimately, it is more important than ever that we assess the societal constructs that are of concern, and attempt toRead MoreLiterature Review Gay Marriage around the world is something of a controversial topic. Everyone900 Words   |  4 Pagesopinion on the rights of gay people and how exactly the matter should be addressed. Some countries have made it illegal to practice homosexuality; some even consider it punishable by death. But what do Christians around the world and specifically in South Africa think about it? Andrew Sullivan discusses the fact that younger people during our time period find homosexuality more acceptable than the older generation. This falls under the theme of general acceptance levels of gay rights, based on ageRead MoreCloud 91343 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscussion but it seems not to support, condemn nor condone homosexuality. Cloud 9 could evades the necessity of putting gay male or lesbian sex acts on stage, because of the cultural and historical atmosphere. Even though it was a time of sexual liberation that doesn’t mean that homosexuality was accepted and therefore might not have been permitted on stage. This is a similar situation to the historical acceptance of the concept of homosexuality. Which I believe Churchill suggests through the settingRead MoreGay, Lesbian, And Queer Essays On Popular Culture909 Words   |  4 Pagestelevision and Hollywood to cooperate jobs. This book also shows how homophobia is rampant in not just the black community, but all c ommunities. Theses essays takes a theoretical screen shot of how homosexuality was dealt with during the time of which this book was released. This book also shows the progression with the LGBT community from then to now. Ford, Zack. New Survey Debunks the Myth Of Black Homophobia. Think Progressive. N.p., 26 Feb. 2016. Web. 13 Apr. 2016. Ford’s article challengesRead MoreThe Art Of Cinema As A Tool That Creates A Possible Platform For Social Commentary931 Words   |  4 Pagesthat support the implications that homosexuality is wrong. To begin, Sori and Manga’s parents have expectations of them that are attributed to their homosexuality when those expectations are not fulfilled. Sori opens and closes his confrontation with his father by declaring his love for Manga. While this is important, by putting the subject of Sori’s love around the fact that he does not wish to take up his father’s business, the main focus shifts to his homosexuality. His sexual orientation becomesRead MoreThe Detrimental Nature Of Covering Sexual Orientation1249 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States, Yoshino feels both internal and societal pressure to assimilate into â€Å"typical† American culture by covering himself along four primary axes: appearance, affiliation, activism and association. This societal expectation to cover one’s homosexuality progresses into the idea that the majority is able to dictate biological and behavioral traits that are and are not acceptable. This looming societal pressure cre ates the unfair expectation that those who are different must hide instead of embracing

Zara expansion in China free essay sample

Zara is the flagship chain store of Inditex Group owned in Spanish. Inditex takes a step forward in its expansion in China. Zara opened its first store in this country in May 2004 at the IFC mall, Hong Kong, where it now has five stores. In February 2006 the first store was launched in Shanghai, in Nanjing Xi Lu, followed by a second one in this city located at Times Square mall. In February 2007 The Inditex Group already opened its first Zara store in Beijing, located at The Place shopping mall. The store has more than 1,500 m2 of retail space spread over two floors. The Inditex Group is present in 64 markets in Europe, the Americas, the Middle East, Asia and Africa, with upwards of 3,100 stores. In the Asia-Pacific area, Inditex is present with 59 stores in China, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines. Zara has developed a unique business model which is needs just two weeks to develop a new product and get it to stores and launches around 10,000 new designs each year (fast fashion). We will write a custom essay sample on Zara expansion in China or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Zara is vertically integrated retailer and control every step of the value chain; only cloths with a longer shelf/ fashion life time are outsourced. Zara acknowledges as one of the â€Å"largest, fastest growingand successful† clothing retailers. Zara’s success story begins by offering a product range capable of catering for men, women and children, providing affordable and stylish clothes whatever the season. Coupled with this, is their keen eye for discovering new fashion trends and translating these trends from the catwalk to the high street, both quickly and affordably. Zara boasts a marketing strategy of firstly product variety with a focal point of ensuring speed to market. Finally, store location, as any marketing is left to store location rather than advertising. Opting for a strategy of minimal advertising provokes the consumer into having to visit their stores. Securing a foothold in as many markets as possible with the intended outcome of building brand awareness and an increased market share has resulted in Zara developing their brand, launching Zara Home. Hamp;M Hennes amp; Mauritz (Hamp;M) is a Swedish clothing company, known for its fast fashion clothing offerings for women, men, teenagers and children. Hamp;M does not own any factories; instead Hamp;M buys cloths and other items through an abundance of detached suppliers. Unlike many retailers, who change their collections on a seasonal basis, stores like Hamp;M replace their stock every six to 12 weeks. This fast fashion is effective in maintaining customer interest because each time they visit the store it has a different feel. In 2007 Hamp;M successfully launched in China. The first mainland China store opened in Shanghai in April 2007 and since then 14 new locations have opened in southeast China. In 2009 finally come for Hamp;M to open its first store in Beijing. The brand new store is located at Qianmen Avenue, a newly developed shopping area in the very heart of the cultural capital.

Domestic Politics and Norm Diffusion †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Domestic Politics and Norm Diffusion. Answer: Introduction: The theory of global justice exists within the framework of broader school of cosmopolitanism (Acharya 2014). In this regard, it is noteworthy to mention here that, since time immemorial, the school of cosmopolitan laid emphasis on the importance of individuals rather than state and communities. According to the perspective of Cosmopolitans human being possesses equal moral rights and therefore acquires equal moral analysis (Acuto and Curtis 2014). In this context, if disagreement arises between cosmopolitans regarding the fact that how individuals fit within the subject-matter of equal moral concern. The essay intends to highlight the views of the cosmopolitans to the existence of individuals rather than states. In this essay the argumentative claims of different authors shall be emphasized. In this regard firstly the arguments of Liberal Rawlsians shall be presented whose focus was limited state-centric approaches. The arguments of Thomas Pogge will be presented in the second secti on which would attract much attention as it focused on human-centric approaches rather than states. Thirdly the approaches of moral cosmopolitan shall be applied to the mentioned arguments. Fourthly, the theory of Global Justice shall be emphasized. In the fifth section the views of contemporary authors against the cosmopolitans shall be emphasized. Finally, it shall be discussed that why the basic structure of international relations should be governed by the principles of cosmopolitans. The approaches have been identified as Kantianism and Utilitarianism which are moral cosmopolitan approaches. As a result of such focus on the moral value of individuals other than that of states the cosmopolitan scholars could critically evaluate the theories of justice which from the very beginning focused on the existence of states. The scholars of contemporary global justice emphasized on the moral worth of individuals by excluding the issues of global cohabitation. According to the opinion of Pogge, a just and stable institutional scheme which is involved by the concept of Justice by preserving the allocation of basic rights and opportunities and goods which is declared as fair within the nations and globe (Adler-Nissen 2014). Liberal Rawlsians agreed with such perspective along with other cosmopolitans by stating that there must be equal value within societies. It can be mentioned that Thomas Pogge laid emphasis on human-centric approach to justice while John Rawl emphasized on state-centric approach to justice (Aradau and Huysmans 2014). In this regard, it is worth mentioning that traditionally the theory of justice was based on political structures which were concerned with states by determining the power of the states to make laws and involve in the welfare of public policy. Therefore, in the opinion of Pogge political structures should be constructed in such a way by ensuring proper distribution of rights and duties between individuals of the states (Berger 2014). However, the traditional theory of justice dealt with the concept of distributive justice where revenue is shared equally within the states however, it is not equally distributed between individuals of the society. As a result of such inequality in the distribution of wealth the individuals of states were refrained from living a decent life. In the perspective of Thomas Pogge, such concept can prevail within the framework of a democratic society (Buzan and Lawson 2014). In this context, it c an be stated that the traditional theory of justice was associated with the presence of states however, the existence of human beings were ignored. However, the traditional theory of justice was designed in a way to deal with the issues of the state. Various cosmopolitan scholars dealt with the issues arising out of the traditional theory of justice by applying the approaches of Utilitarianism and Kantianism (Chan et al. 2015). The utilitarian approach can be applied to the traditional theory of justice as it cannot be applied to the subject-matter of moral philosophy. In this regard, it is noteworthy to mention here that the moral principle of utilitarianism is to maximize utility which is applicable to the actions of individuals and the concept of international relations (Fabbrini 2016). However, Kantianism approach was based on the foundation of two basic rights- acquired and innate. Views of Thomas Pogge: Different cosmopolitan scholars argued that the questions regarding the traditional theories of justice has created limitations in a modern era (Holzscheiter 2014). It is worth noting that with the advent of global institutions which proved to be efficient in performing the major functions of the state which includes the power to make laws and to impose or collect taxes. In this regard, Thomas Pogge was of the opinion that there existed inequalities between individuals which are a concern of the nations as it constituted a major global issue. Therefore, Thomas Pogge laid emphasis on the issue regarding global inequalities arising between individuals of the states by applying the approaches of Utilitarianism and Kantianism. However, from the very beginning Thomas Pogge grounded his arguments in various other ways by widening the scope of international justice thereby taking it to a global level. As a result of these arguments, the term global justice came into being and thereby the th eories of international relations originated. It can be noted that the theories of international relations laid much emphasis on the individuals rather than the states. Thomas Pogge also focused on the issues of global poverty. Therefore it was argued by Thomas Pogge that the programs of poverty alleviation laid emphasis on the redistribution of resources and revenues between different sections of the society- the rich and the poor (Hurd 2014). With the evaluation of humanitarian intervention, Thomas Pogge presented vide argument regarding the issue related to individuals over the objectives state-centric theories. He emphasized human beings should be given the highest priority over the objectives of state-centric ideas. The issues related to global health was argued by stating that global structures acts significantly in determining the health of individuals (Kelley and Simmons 2015). Since time immemorial, scholars of Cosmopolitan global justice have been focusing on the issues regarding gender inequality, warfare, immigration as well as climatic change. The concept of global justice is appropriate to the field of International Relations. However, Cosmopolitan scholars have engaged themselves with the evaluation and assessment of fundamental issues caused as a result of global intervention. According to Pogge, that International Relation is a modern theory that shall remain relevant as long as there is an existence of global issues. According to the perspective of Thomas Pogge, the basic structure of international relations is concerned with the study of individuals. The principles of international relations are governed by the relationship between individuals rather than states. From the very beginning the structural framework of international relations is not governed by the principles of inter-state relations ((Risse 2016). However, according to the views of cosmopolitan scholars, the moral concern of the individuals shall be taken into account for ensuring the fact that individuals should be prioritized over states. It has been emphasized by cosmopolitan scholars that the subject matter of human rights occupies an important position in the discussion related to the importance of human dignity. It has been observed that while the cosmopolitan scholars were concerned with the issues of human dignity, others were concerned with the processes of social changes within the states. Approaches of Moral cosmopolitans: It is noteworthy to mention here that, two different scholars in the same field shall not have exactly the same perspectives. Therefore, the concept of global justice has been criticized by several authors on various grounds. According to Miller, national borders occupy significant position as compared to the principles of cosmopolitan global justice (Kelley and Simmons 2015). In his opinion, in order to come to a conclusion which involves an agreement on the principles of global justice it is essential to acquire knowledge about the history and cultures of global principles. The principles of global justice can be differentiated from the national borders in making effective decision regarding what is right or wrong. According to Nagel and Blake, in order to achieve global justice it is important on the part of the states to initiate the establishment of powerful global institutions (Nikolayevich Chumakov 2014). There is no such existence of global institutions that exerted power ove r the states and individuals. Modern scholars also regarding the concept of cosmopolitanism as a western-centric theory which do not have a global appearance. According to them, the concept of global justice is concerned with the importance of individuals in relation to human rights which from the beginning has been regarded as western ideals. However, it is worth mentioning that such criticisms could not affect the importance of the principles of global justice as well as the theories of International Relations. Global justice has favorable effects on climatic changes which proved to be effective in addressing the inequalities between the individuals other than states (Aradau and Huysmans 2014). It is evident that climate changes require the assistance of global solution. In this regard, it can be observed that change in climate formulates unfair distribution of benefits and burdens individuals acquiring moral and equal values. According to the views of cosmopolitan scholars, change in climate is likely to affect individuals to a great extent (Berger 2014). In order to provide appropriate solution to such issue, different ideas were formulated by the scholars for the purpose of prioritizing individuals over states. In this regard, Thomas Pogge laid emphasis on such prioritization by defining three different rights which poses as a threat to individuals. The three rights can be emphasized as right to health, right to food and right to life. However, the cosmopolitan scholars ensured that prog rams combating climatic changes shall not in any way violate the three basic rights. In this regard, cosmopolitan scholars also emphasized that individuals prefer to live in an environment which contributes adequately to their wellbeing (Adler-Nissen 2014). In this regard, the cosmopolitan scholars presented their argument by stating that priority is not concerned with the protection of individuals as it is the major concern of international laws (Risse 2016). However, the creation of rights related to climatic changes must be defended to the highest priority. The cosmopolitan scholar focused on the conception of rights with the inclusion of both procedural and substantive rights (Chan et al. 2015). The procedural and substantive rights are associated with the participation of policy implementing procedures where individuals shall have the right to share their concern about the prevailing conditions and policies (Nikolayevich Chumakov 2014). The cosmopolitan scholars were not only concerned with basic human rights however; their main concern was regarding the implementation of fair procedures. Thomas Pogge was right in his view as he pointed out that traditionally the principle of cosmopolitanism is concerned with the issues of both states and individuals. Therefore, the cosmopolitan scholars argued that individuals can contribute in lowering environmental hazards by including the participation of state-authorities and international financial institutions (Holzscheiter 2014). Various debates have been conducted between cosmopolitan and traditional scholars where various ideas were circulated concerning states and individuals. While discussing about the factors of climatic changes, global justice scholars rightly opted for the discipline of International Relations in order to reach a new destination. Since time immemorial, the theory of International Relations is concerned with the issues of global disturbance (Welch 2014). In this regard, cosmopolitan scholars effectively contributed in widening the theoretical outlook of International Relations by shifting the existing concern from states to individuals. In this way the cosmopolitan scholars were able to address the issues of global disorder efficiently (Weiss and Wilkinson 2014). In spite of various approaches on the part of scholars, the states involved themselves with the duty of managing warfare and conflict between states other than addressing the issues of individuals by encompassing global agreements. According to Pogge, in modern times global justice has been represented as an issue which has not gained recognition as compared to other theories like liberalism and realism (Aradau and Huysmans 2014). However, in recent times, with the advent of issues regarding transnational terrorism, immigration issues, climatic change s and global inequalities the principles of global justice achieved worldwide recognition as it could efficiently address the issues regarding global conflict and cooperation. It has been argued by Cosmopolitans that every international community is vested with a responsibility to involves themselves for the benefit of the individuals. The international communities are involved in the process of active intervention in order to safeguard the rights of vulnerable individuals from violation. They initiated the development of cosmopolitan justice which is governed by the principles of global rule of law (Buzan and Lawson 2014). Many scholars highly criticized the arguments placed by the cosmopolitan scholars by on the grounds of illogical and unreasonableness (Welch 2014). According to them, the cosmopolitans could not address the issues regarding systematic and chronic organizational factors which undermine the major cases of threats faced by the individuals of the states as a whole (Welch 2014). The arguments of the cosmopolitan scholars were examined where it was observed that how the intervention of humanitarian military failed to safeguard the interests of the individuals. It can be emphasized the arguments circulated by contemporary cosmopolitans narrowly focused on the crisis of structural changes. However, the cosmopolitan scholars could recognize the principles of humanitarian intervention and therefore actively contributed in incorporating the regulations of distributive global justice (Acuto and Curtis 2014). The cosmopolitan scholars were able to secure the position of individuals by protecting their moral rights (Kelley and Simmons 2015). The cosmopolitans rightly stated that in order determine the regulations of international relations, it is important on the part of the international community to contribute efficiently towards failed states. However, focus should be solely on the aggressive states in order to maintain peace and order. In the perspective of Pogge, the principles of global justice reflected equal concern towards individuals while addressing the issues of states (Pegram 2015). The cosmopolitans were of the view that the traditional theory of global justice was responsible for inequalities between states and individuals (Chan et al. 2015). It is noteworthy to mention here that such inequalities arose as a result of unequal development within states. However, in some cases, such inequalities may arise as a result of decisions taken by state members who are at the obligation of taking appropriate decisions regarding individuals. However, cosmopolitan scholars emphasized that the elimination of such inequalities could be possible by improving the condition of socio-political institutions (Aradau and Huysmans 2014). The cosmopolitan scholars emphasized that the principles of global justice focused on reducing the inequalities between individual to a large extent. Why Thomas Pogges views gained much recognition: Thomas Pogge forwarded his opinion by stating that from the very beginning the concepts of domestic tyranny and international transactions are not connected. International transactions are associated with the fair exchange of market prices which involves the intervention on individuals (Weiss and Wilkinson 2014). However, the concept of domestic tyranny is completely unjustified. According to Pogge, every individual should have the ability to address the right questions. In this regard, the right questions can be labeled as How to provide eradication of global poverty?or How to organize the world in a better way? The theorists of Cosmopolitan emphasized that from the very beginning the principles of global justice were concerned with the states. However, the condition of nation-state has been challenged by the intervention of global forces. Therefore, the best possible way to protect the interests of the individuals is to promote the development of new political institutions. It is important to note that according to the perspective of relational cosmopolitans inequality between individuals should be reduced. However, such perspective can be totally related to the wellbeing of individuals and the relation between them. As stated by Pogge, the basic structure of international relations should not be governed by interstate principles; however the principles of cosmopolitans shall apply in order to address the inequalities between individuals and states. In this regard, various differences formed between Pogge and the other scholars for the purpose of deciding the actual mechanisms that shall be required for addressing the inequalities. According to the perspective of Pogge, the terms of agreement of international relations shall be framed in such a way so that the social inequalities which arise from natural consequences tend to disappear overtime (Risse 2016). Justice is about the equal wellbeing of the individuals as a whole. Justice is associated with va rious other objectives like to practically involve in foreign policy and global intervention. Firstly, in order to address the inequalities, the states are at the duty to reform the rules of international order which are in existence (Pegram 2015). Since time immemorial, the rules of international relations have been discriminating between the rich and poor. However, at present the rules of international trade is subsidizing the rich and thereby the access of the poor countries towards natural resources has been blocked. In some cases, the poorest countries do not have any access to imports. The objective of Global Justice is to order the rich countries so that they provide access of their markets to poorer countries. It was argued by Pogge that the rich countries can easily open opportunities towards the poorer countries however; such initiation shall not cause any disproportionate harm on their part (Nikolayevich Chumakov 2014). Such reforms are no longer in existence and are not a matter of concern to the individual states. However, it is important on the part of individual states to participate in various global forums like the WTO. According to the Cosmopolitan scholars the states are at the authority to initiate the creation of an international order which should not in any way harm the interests of the poor section of the society (Nikolayevich Chumakov 2014). It is worth noting that such duty is applicable on the part of both the international societies and individual states for the purpose of changing their acts and practices. The multilateral agreements in which such individual states and international agreements are parties shall also change their outlook. Conclusion: In the conclusion it can be stated that in order to achieve the Global justice it is important on the part of the states to develop an ideal theory. In order to provide ideal principles individuals it is important on their part to serve as productive members. Therefore it is important for the states to understand the principles of international relations in order to act effectively towards failed states as well as towards states that threatened peace and stability. Based on the ideas emphasized by Thomas Pogge it can be finally concluded that the basic structural framework of international relations should be governed by the principles of cosmopolitan that identifies the inequalities between individuals rather than focusing on states. References: Acharya, A., 2014. Global International Relations (IR) and Regional WorldsA New Agenda for International Studies.International Studies Quarterly,58(4), pp.647-659. Acuto, M. and Curtis, S., 2014. Assemblage thinking and international relations. InReassembling International Theory(pp. 1-15). Palgrave Pivot, London. Adler-Nissen, R., 2014. Stigma management in international relations: Transgressive identities, norms, and order in international society.International Organization,68(1), pp.143-176. Aradau, C. and Huysmans, J., 2014. Critical methods in International Relations: The politics of techniques, devices and acts.European Journal of International Relations,20(3), pp.596-619. Berger, T.U., 2014. Norms, Identity, and National Security.Security Studies: A Reader. Buzan, B. and Lawson, G., 2014. Rethinking benchmark dates in international relations.European Journal of International Relations,20(2), pp.437-462. Chan, S., Asselt, H., Hale, T., Abbott, K.W., Beisheim, M., Hoffmann, M., Guy, B., Hhne, N., Hsu, A., Pattberg, P. and Pauw, P., 2015. Reinvigorating international climate policy: a comprehensive framework for effective nonstate action.Global Policy,6(4), pp.466-473. Fabbrini, S., 2016. From consensus to domination: the intergovernmental union in a crisis situation. Journal of European Integration, 38(5), pp.587-599. Holzscheiter, A., 2014. Between communicative interaction and structures of signification: Discourse theory and analysis in international relations. 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